Derived from Blockbeats, on November 11, ZCash research expert c-node posted that MPC, tFHE, and TEEs can build privacy applications that ZK cannot achieve, though with weaker privacy strength. Vitalik Buterin responded that ZK alone cannot provide coercion resistance, and in scenarios like voting, it must be combined with trusted parties, MPC, FHE, or TEE. He suggested that a ZK + FHE hybrid architecture can enhance system security, preserving all privacy attributes except coercion resistance even if FHE is compromised.
Vitalik Buterin: ZK Lacks Coercion Resistance, Needs FHE and Other Technologies for Enhanced Security
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