According to The Block, Coinbase’s Ethereum Layer 2 network, Base, has officially activated the Azul upgrade on mainnet—the first independent network upgrade executed by Base since departing the Optimism Superchain. The Azul upgrade introduces a multi-proof system that combines TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) proofs with zero-knowledge proofs (ZK Proofs), reducing the final confirmation time for withdrawals to as little as one day. Both proof types can independently validate proposals; in case of conflict, permissionless ZK proofs override TEE proofs, further enhancing the network’s censorship resistance. Additionally, Azul integrates Base into a single execution client, base-reth-node, and introduces a new consensus client, base-consensus, built on OP Kona. Following the upgrade, the number of empty blocks dropped sharply from approximately 200 per day to around 2, enabling the network to sustain a peak transaction throughput of 5,000 transactions per second.
Base Launches Azul Mainnet Upgrade with Multi-Proof System to Accelerate Decentralization
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Summary
Base has launched the Azul network upgrade on mainnet, its first independent blockchain upgrade since departing the Optimism Superchain. The Azul upgrade introduces a multi-proof system combining TEE and ZK proofs, reducing withdrawal finality to one day. ZK proofs can override TEE proofs in case of conflicts, enhancing censorship resistance. The upgrade also consolidates Base onto a single execution client and introduces a new consensus client built on OP Kona, decreasing empty blocks from ~200 to ~2 per day and increasing throughput to 5,000 TPS.
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