You cannot judge a good blockchain solely by low transaction fees. @RialoHQ @RialoKorea Low transaction fees do not automatically mean a good blockchain. What if transactions frequently fail, connected services frequently go offline, and developers must spend large sums to keep the system running? Today, let’s explore what Rialo means by “system welfare.” Rialo defines system welfare as the net value gained by developers and users, after accounting for execution costs, coordination burdens, and operational risks. It’s not about the cost of a single gas fee—it’s about the entire structure that enables useful work to be completed successfully. Consider a delivery service: Even if shipping costs are low, if packages are frequently lost, customers must call multiple companies to track their orders, and sellers bear the burden of handling damages, it’s hard to call this a good delivery network. You must consider price, success rate, and operational burden together. The same applies to blockchain applications. Users care about final fees and reliability; developers bear the costs of building and maintaining the system; validators and service providers must be compensated for their work. If you boost the interests of just one party until transactions disappear, the overall value declines. Rialo argues that selectively integrating complementary functions—such as execution, oracles, and automation—can reduce fragmented costs and failure points, thereby increasing system welfare. The key is not the number of features, but whether useful work becomes cheaper and more reliably completed. There are also counterbalancing costs: As integration expands, protocol complexity and centralization of control may increase. Therefore, it’s not “native = better.” You must verify whether the reduction in external coordination costs outweighs the increase in internal integration costs. From my perspective, system welfare must be measured holistically by assessing: 1. The total cost per task 2. Success rate and recovery time 3. Developers’ maintenance burden 4. Useful work completed by users 5. Risks concentrated in any single party Transaction volume alone is insufficient. The goal is not the cheapest chain—but the system that delivers the most useful value while limiting costs and risks! Rialo’s supermodularity is a philosophy that evaluates architectural choices through this lens.