More bandwidth won’t magically make a network faster. A wide pipe can still be a long pipe. Bandwidth is how much data you can move per second. Latency is how long it takes for something to get there. Propagation, serialization, queueing, and processing all add to that delay. A faster link can reduce serialization time for a fixed message, but it can’t remove physical distance. And if queues or processing are the bottleneck, extra bandwidth changes very little. That matters a lot for blockchain propagation. Don’t just ask, “How much bandwidth do we have?” Break the latency budget down: → propagation → serialization → queueing → processing → repair Buy bandwidth for sustained load. Diagnose latency by finding where the time goes. @get_optimum