Hoa Kỳ đề xuất cấm các bộ chuyển đổi quang học của Trung Quốc để kiểm soát chuỗi cung ứng AI

The Huoxing Finance report states that on August 5, the U.S. government is drafting a new ban to prohibit the import of newly developed data center optical transceivers manufactured in China, aiming to strengthen control over the AI infrastructure supply chain. Sources familiar with the matter reveal that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is formulating related restrictions, and U.S. officials plan to announce and implement the ban within 2026. However, the measure is still under discussion and may be modified or shelved in the future. Optical transceivers are core components within optical modules, responsible for converting electrical signals to optical signals and serving as critical hardware for high-speed data transmission in AI data centers. If implemented, this ban could impact the global optical module supply chain. The report notes that Innolight, a leading global optical module supplier, may be adversely affected. According to Counterpoint Research data, Innolight currently holds approximately 27% of the global data center optical transceiver market. The U.S. Innovation Foundation previously reported that domestic U.S. suppliers Coherent and Lumentum lack sufficient production capacity to fully replace Chinese suppliers. Meanwhile, this measure could also increase costs for U.S. cloud service companies. Major cloud computing firms such as Amazon may need to shift to U.S.-based suppliers for optical communication equipment to meet the expansion demands of AI data centers. The market believes that the U.S. restriction on importing Chinese optical communication components reflects how competition in AI infrastructure is extending beyond chips to other critical segments of the data center supply chain, including optical modules, power equipment, and server components.